from German eiserne kreuz, instituted 1813 by Frederick Wilhelm III of Prussia, originally for distinguished military service in the wars against Napoleon. It was a feared and respected symbol that was recognized far and wide. It represented honor, justice and bravery. Iron was a material which symbolised defiance and reflected the spirit of the age. The Teutonic knights displayed the original cross as a symbol of their power and authority. The Prussian king Friedrich Wilhelm III established the Iron Cross at the beginning of the German campaign as part of the Napoleonic Wars.The design was a silver-framed cast iron cross on 13 March 1813. However, the origin of the iron cross goes back hundreds of years to the era of the Teutonic knights. In addition to during the Napoleonic Wars, the Iron Cross was awarded during the Franco-German War, the First World War, and the Second World War. Sadly continuing the sinister dimension of the Iron Cross is the that this symbol is often displayed by neo-Nazi groups, especially as pendants. Two of the forms of the pre-Christian cross which are perhaps most frequently met with are the tau cross, so named from its resemblance to the Greek capital letter T, and the svastika or fylfot, also called "Gammadion" owing to its form being that of four Greek capital letters gamma G placed together. DESIGN: The Iron Cross was originally made of a black-white ribbon sewn together as a cross. The Iron Cross without the swastika is also frequently used as a hate symbol in the same manner as the Nazi-era Iron Cross. 1870. The Iron Cross was a military decoration of the Kingdom of Prussia, and later of Germany, which was established by King Friedrich Wilhelm III of Prussia and first awarded on 10 March 1813 in Breslau. The use of the Iron Cross by neo-Nazis. There are many classes and types of Iron Crosses. The Grand Cross, distinguished by its silver frame, appeared in a number of forms, … Iron Cross . When the Iron Cross was brought back in 1914, other variants appeared. The Iron Cross originally was the symbol of the Teutonic Knights (a heraldic cross pattée), and the cross design (but not the specific decoration) has been the symbol of Germany's armed forces (now the Bundeswehr) since ca. Even in 1813, there were second and first-class Iron Crosses.
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